The hartlehawking no boundary and the vilenkin tunneling proposals are. Perspective on the wave function of the universe we have illustrated in a very simple quantum cosmological model, namely the flat frw universe with massless scalar field, how to consistently switch between the quantum relational dynamics relative to the scale factor and that relative to. Furthermoreand this is what has other physicists particularly intrigued hawking s recent ideas have inspired a new approachfor understandingandperhapsfor calculating such. Hawking on the big bang and black holes advanced series in. In hawking s wave function of the universe, the wave function is most likely concentrated around our own universe. Hawking department ofapplied mathematics and theoretical physics, silver street, cambridge, england. We evaluate the holographic tunneling wave function in the on. While both wave functions could in principle be valid solutions to the wheeler dewitt equation without truncation in practice. Second, i personally believe that for a number of mathematical reasons such object is at. In a quasiclassical re gion, the quantum treatment provides only minor correc. The present compilation of stephen hawking s most important work also includes an introduction by him, which guides the reader though the major highlights of the volume. Yes, its also worth noting that when people like hawking, gibbons, hartle etc use the term wave function of the universe, they are often refering to a wavefunction on minisuperspace a low dimensional configuration space of highly symmetric solutions of einsteins equations.
The hartlehawking wave function in 2d causal set quantum. Jun 06, 2019 hartle and hawking derived a formula describing the whole shuttlecock the socalled wave function of the universe that encompasses the entire past, present and future at once making moot all contemplation of seeds of creation, a creator, or any transition from a time before. Is our universe just one of many in an infinite, everexpanding. In quantum cosmology, the past, present, and future of the universe are described by a wave function satisfying the wheelerde witt wd equation. This is a version of the hartle hawking computation, where one analytically continues from ds to euclidean ads space. The universal wave function is the wavefunction or quantum state of the totality of existence, regarded as the basic physical entity or the fundamental entity, obeying at all times a deterministic wave equation. The quanttum wave function of the universe science. Wave function of the universe, path integrals and gauge. It comments on the concept of imaginary time in hawkings quantum cosmology and his physical interpretations of the exponential part of the wave function, and suggests. However, there is a small but nonvanishing probability that the wave function prefers neighboring, parallel universes. Hawking describes his wave function of the universe as.
This problem maps to a study of noncritical bosonic string propagating on a circle at the selfdual radius. Given the initial state, we have certain probability values each less than 100% for possible subsequent states and histories of the universe. Wave function of a godless universe oxford scholarship. This equality of gravitational accelerations of different things is one of the most accurately tested laws of physics. The hartlehawking noboundary wave function of the universe, is a unique construction in quantum cosmology which has been put forward to describe the early stages of the universe evolution. Hawking and hartle interpreted their wave function of the universe as giving the probability for the universe to appear from nothing. Wave function of the universe hawking on the big bang and. Hawkings key contributions on black hole radiation and the noboundary condition on the origin of the universe are included. The idea of the wave function of the universe is meaningless. University, rumelifeneri yolu, 34450 sariyer, istanbul, turkey abstract for a frwspacetime coupled to an arbitrary real scalar. The wave function of the universe page 2 physics forums. Wave function of the universe and its meaning ali mostafazadeh.
Physicists debate hawkings idea that the universe had no. Unruh program in cosmology and gravity of ciar dept physics and astronomy university of b. Hartley department of physics, university of california santa barbara, ca 931069530 usa 1 introduction it is an honor, of course, to participate in this celebration of stephens 60th birthday and to address such a distinguished audience. Department ofapplied mathematics and theoretical physics, silver street, cambridge, england and institute for theoretical. Godel and the end of the universe this lecture is the intellectual property of professor s. Interpretation of the wave function of the universe citeseerx. The present compilation of stephen hawkings most important work also includes an introduction by him, which guides the reader though the major highlights of the volume. No, as bhobba suggests, wave function of the universe implies the universe is a pure prepared state in modern copanhagen interpretations. Hartle and hawking derived a formula describing the whole shuttlecock the socalled wave function of the universe that encompasses the entire past, present and future at once making moot all contemplation of seeds of creation, a creator, or any transition from a time before. The wave function obeys the wheelerdewitt secondorder functional differential equation. With a science paper published after his death, stephen hawking has revived debate on a deeply divisive question for cosmologists. Interpretation of the wave function of the universe.
If a cat, a cannonball, and an economics textbook are all dropped from the same height, they fall to the ground with exactly the same acceleration under the influence of gravity. Sep 15, 2002 if a cat, a cannonball, and an economics textbook are all dropped from the same height, they fall to the ground with exactly the same acceleration under the influence of gravity. The wave function of a godless universe andrew wells. The discussion is extended to the primordial colemanweinberg scenario. Theories of everything and hawkings wave function of the universe james b. Dec 11, 20 no, as bhobba suggests, wave function of the universe implies the universe is a pure prepared state in modern copanhagen interpretations.
Theories of everything and hawkings wave function of the. Hartle enrico fermi institute, university ofchicago, chicago, illinois 60637 and institute for theoretical physics, university ofcalifornia, santa barbara, california 93106 s. Hawking s wave function law enables the probabilistic history of the universe to be calculated once the initial state of the universe is known. However, this i correct interpretation, since the normalization presupposes a universe, not noth ing. For a universe with n particles, let us call the wave function of the universe the universal wave function and denote it by q 1. On the hawking turok solution to the open universe wave function w. Hawkings no boundary proposal illustrates 33, a radical change in the. Einstein, newton, kepler, galileo all great theorists and thinkers who left an.
The paper is devoted to some of the difficulties which the wheelerdewitt quantum geometrodynamics encountered, in particular, a strong mathematical proof that this theory is gaugeinvariant, the definition of the wave function of the universe through a path integral and the illegality of asymptotic boundary conditions in quantum gravity, the derivation of the wheelerdewitt equation. It is possible that this function describes the whole universe evolution defining the probability measure on classical spacetimes 3. The other is the tunneling t wave function of vilenkin 51. The dashed curve being the underlying branelike wheelerdewitt potential. Holographic wave functions of the universe ku leuven.
It analyses the concept of nothingness, the interpretation of quantum cosmology, and stephen hawking s quasiinstrumentalist interpretation of quantum mechanics. Theories of everything and hawkings wave function of the universe. A regularization of the hartlehawking wave function. It analyses the concept of nothingness, the interpretation of quantum cosmology, and stephen hawkings quasiinstrumentalist interpretation of quantum mechanics.
The cs functional appears in the wave function of the universe in the. The hartlehawking wave function in 2d causal set quantum gravity. On the hawking turok solution to the open universe wave function. We live in our universe because it is the most likely, with the largest probability. We would like to show you a description here but the site wont allow us. A wave function for the spin of the early universe derived. Universe free fulltext switching internal times and a. When we think of major figures in the history of science, many names come to mind. On the hawking turok solution to the open universe wave. In 1983, he corresponded with james hartle at the university of chicagos fermilab and the two produced a wave function for.
Using the recent observations of the relation between the hartlehawking wave function and the topological string partition function, we propose a wave function for scalar metric. Professor stephen hawkings final theory on the origin of the universe, which he worked on in collaboration with professor thomas hertog from ku. That law, however, tells us little about cats, cannonballs, or economics. Not surprisingly, hawking was in the forefront of the quest for a grand unified theory that would reconcile general relativity with quantum mechanics. The quantum mechanics of the universe springerlink. Furthermoreand this is what has other physicists particularly intriguedhawkings recent ideas have inspired a new approachfor understandingandperhapsfor calculating such. In order to alleviate that wave function from some of the quantum gravity difficulties, a logarithmic factor 1.
Vancouver, canada v6t 1z1 abstract hawking and turok have recently published a solution to the wkb \ wave function for the universe which they claim leads in a natural way to an open. Their clarification, development and application, vol 9. Introduction the hartlehawking hh prescription for the groundstate wave function over closed. In addition, some observations performed by stephen hawking in relation to the vorticity of the universe 2 are used.
This is a version of the hartlehawking computation, where one analytically continues from ds to euclidean ads space. More precisely, it is a hypothetical vector in the hilbert space of a theory of quantum gravity that describes this wave function. Hawkings wave function law enables the probabilistic history of the universe to be calculated once the initial state of the universe is known. The quantum state of a spatially closed universe can be described by a wave function which is a functional on the geometries of compact threemanifolds and on the values of the matter fields on these manifolds. Hartle hawking ground state n 0 wave function of a branelike universe notice its vanishing at the big bang. Oct 17, 2014 the wave function of a godless universe andrew wells. Pdf we specify the semiclassical noboundary wave function of the universe. The hartlehawking state is the wave function of the universea notion meant to figure out how the universe startedthat is calculated from feynmans path integral. Pdf what is the noboundary wave function of the universe. Apr 22, 2012 yes, its also worth noting that when people like hawking, gibbons, hartle etc use the term wave function of the universe, they are often refering to a wavefunction on minisuperspace a low dimensional configuration space of highly symmetric solutions of einsteins equations. A discussion of the wave function for an isotropic universe is given.
Fundamental theories of physics a new international book series on the fundamental theories of physics. Interpretation of the wave function of the universe wim b. In quantum cosmology, universe states are treated as wave function solutions to. Drees received may 21, 1987 hawking and hartle interpreted their wave function of the universe as giving the probability for the universe to appear from nothing. The wave function of the universe inspire inspirehep. In hawkings wave function of the universe, the wave function is most likely concentrated around our own universe. Taming the multiversestephen hawkings final theory about. Published in in geneva 1983, proceedings, largescale structure of the universe, cosmology and fundamental physics, 415422 the origin of structure in the universe. You may not reproduce, edit, translate, distribute, publish or host this document in any way with out the permission of professor hawking. Wave function of the universe and its meaning arxiv. May 08, 2018 with a science paper published after his death, stephen hawking has revived debate on a deeply divisive question for cosmologists.
What is the interpretation of a wave function of the universe. Hawking s key contributions on black hole radiation and the noboundary condition on the origin of the universe are included. This chapter discusses the wave function of a godless universe. The wave function for the spin the early universe is obtained through the adaption of the quantum formalism to one solution of the wheelerdewitts equation 1, associated with the wave function of the universe. Boundary conditions for the wave function of the universe. Hartle and hawking refer to the wave function of the universe, theyre not referring to this ultimate entity, but rather to a wavefunction which describes the large scale structure of a highly symmetric model of the universe. On the wave function of the universe sciencedirect. The paper is devoted to some of the difficulties which the wheelerdewitt quantum geometrodynamics encountered, in particular, a strong mathematical proof that this theory is gaugeinvariant, the definition of the wave function of the universe through a path integral and the illegality of asymptotic boundary conditions in quantum gravity, the derivation of the wheelerdewitt equation from. Computing the wave function of the universe penn state. One is the no boundary wave function of hartle and hawking 4 hh. Pdf wave function of the universe semantic scholar. If you disagree with that proposition, then you cant assume the universe has a wave function. The resulting wave function hhj iis nonnormalizable, and peaked when the geometry h is singular. Hartlehawking ground state n 0 wave function of a branelike universe notice its vanishing at the big bang.
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